> For the complete documentation index, see [llms.txt](https://kunalwalavalkar.gitbook.io/write-ups/llms.txt). Markdown versions of documentation pages are available by appending `.md` to page URLs; this page is available as [Markdown](https://kunalwalavalkar.gitbook.io/write-ups/cyberdefenders/hawkeye.md). # HawkEye {% hint style="warning" %} Always open malware in a secure environment like a VM. {% endhint %} {% hint style="info" %} We will be using the [REMnux](https://remnux.org/) distribution which is specifically made for reverse engineering. {% endhint %} ## > Q1. How many packets does the capture have? * In order to find the number of packets we have to go to the `Statistics > Capture File Properties` section.

## > Q2. At what time was the first packet captured? * We have to set the format to UTC in the `View > Time Display Format` section.

* Alternatively, we can also find the answer in the `Capture File Properties` section.!

## > Q3. What is the duration of the capture? * Again this answer can be found in the `Capture File Properties` section.

## > Q4. What is the most active computer at the link level? * If we go to the `Statistics > Endpoints` section, we can see information about all the devices in the packet transfer.

## > Q5. Manufacturer of the NIC of the most active system at the link level? * We can use [A-Packets](https://apackets.com/), in order to find the answer easily. * Open the `Ethernet` section of the file.

* Alternatively, we can also use Wireshark to find the NIC manufacturer. * Put the following filter on in order to filter for relevant traffic. ``` eth.addr==00:08:02:1c:47:ae ``` * On applying the filter, we can see the following packet.

* The source address is `00:08:02:1c:47:ae`. Let's search this MAC address on [DNSChecker](https://dnschecker.org/).

* Same answer as the one we got from A-Packets. ## > Q6. Where is the headquarter of the company that manufactured the NIC of the most active computer at the link level? * A quick Google search tells us where the headquarters are located.

## > Q7. The organization works with private addressing and netmask /24. How many computers in the organization are involved in the capture? * The `/24` subnet mask denotes that the first 24 bytes are part of the network and the last 8 bytes are part of the host. * This means that every host within the `10.4.10.x/24` subnet is part of the organization.

* We can see that the first 3 devices are part of the same subnet thus the same organization. Note that the broadcast address is not counted. ## > Q8. What is the name of the most active computer at the network level? * Since we already know the MAC address of the most active host, we can set a filter for that address and `dhcp` to find the host name. ``` eth.addr==00:08:02:1c:47:ae && dhcp ``` * Let's look at the `Host Name` option.

## > Q9. What is the IP of the organization's DNS server? * In the `DNS` section of A-Packets, we can see the IP of the organization.

* We can also filter for `dns` packets in Wireshark.

## > Q10. What domain is the victim asking about in packet 204? * Let's analyze the 204th packet.

## > Q11. What is the IP of the domain in the previous question? * Let's look through the `Connections` section in A-Packets.

* In order to find the answer in Wireshark, we have to set the following filter: ``` frame contains proforma-invoices.com ``` * Look in the destination IP address field.

## > Q12. Indicate the country to which the IP in the previous section belongs. * We can use the `IP Lookup` tool in DNSChecker.

## > Q13. What operating system does the victim's computer run? * Let's filter the http requests using the following filter: ``` eth.addr==00:08:02:1c:47:ae && http.request ``` * Go to `Follow > TCP Stream` in order to see the entire message.

* We can also find the OS in the `HTTP` section of A-Packets.

## > Q14. What is the name of the malicious file downloaded by the accountant? * In the `HTTP Headers` section of A-Packets, we can find the file that is being downloaded. !

* Alternatively, in Wireshark we can filter for `GET` request using the following filter: ``` http.request.method == GET ``` * Only the 210th packet is accessing a file.

## > Q15. What is the md5 hash of the downloaded file? * Let's extract the file via `File > EXport Objects > HTTP`. * We can now use `md5sum` command in order to obtain the file hash. ``` $ md5sum tkraw_Protected99.exe 71826ba081e303866ce2a2534491a2f7 tkraw_Protected99.exe ``` * We can also upload the file to [VirusTotal](https://www.virustotal.com/gui/home/search) in order to find the file hash.

## > Q17. What software runs the webserver that hosts the malware? * In Wireshark, we can again follow the TCP Stream in order to find the server.

## > Q18. What is the public IP of the victim's computer? * Let's filter for all HTTP requests: ``` http.request ``` * If we follow TCP Stream, we can find the public IP.

## > Q19. In which country is the email server to which the stolen information is sent? * We can use the `IP Lookup` tool in DNSChecker.

## > Q20. Analyzing the first extraction of information. What software runs the email server to which the stolen data is sent? * Put on the following filter: ``` ip.addr == 10.4.10.132 && smtp.req ``` * We can follow the TCP stream.

## > Q21. To which email account is the stolen information sent? * Further down in the TCP stream we can see the email that the information is sent to. !

## > Q22. What is the password used by the malware to send the email? * We will use the same filter as before: ``` ip.addr == 10.4.10.132 && smtp.req ``` * We can see a password. However, it seems to be base64 encoded.

* Let's use CyberChef to decode the password.

## > Q23. Which malware variant exfiltrated the data? * If we follow the same TCP stream, we can see a huge blob of data.

* This has been base64 encoded. We have to again use CyberChef to decode it.

## > Q24. What are the bankofamerica access credentials? (username:password) * This information is available in the output for the previous question.

## > Q25. Every how many minutes does the collected data get exfiltrated? * If we look at the SMTP packets, we can see that the email is sent every 10 minutes.